Document
Metadata
Title
approche ecosystémique et restauration des mangroves dans la baie de bombetoka, commune rurale de boanamary region boeny madagascar r, commune rurale de boanamary
Authors
ZAFIHITA Gasparie
Research Topic
Abstract
The mangrove is a representative ecosystem of fish production and offers services for the local
population well-being. Reducing its surface area could have damaging effects on the ecological
and socio-economic situation of an affected zone. In the Boeny Region, the northwestern part of
Madagascar, the mouthpiece of the great Betsiboka river offers favorable conditions for the
installation of a vast expanse of mangroves. Its geographical location near the Boanamary village
and the Mahajanga city center gives the population easy access to all the operating programs.
The objective of this study is to identify the activities of different sectors within this ecosystem
and propose the coordination of sectoral measures for the long-term preservation and
exploitation of the mangrove. The adopted method is based on bibliographical collections,
surveys and field trips for direct observation, measurement of the various parameters and
monitoring of the fishing catch. According to the results obtained, it was found that the difficulty
on the means of subsistence leads the population to exert pressure on the balance of the
mangrove. Beyond the resilience of this ecosystem, exploitation practices risk the depletion of
biodiversity and the degradation of its habitat. The study of the vegetation on 88 quadrats of four
selected sites, Morahariva, Nosy Tanindraza, Nosy Tambohobe and Nosy Malainolo, shows that
the eight species of mangroves of Madagascar are present in the study area but the species
Avicennia marina occupies a important position compared to others. The degradation of the
forest cover is linked to a decrease in fishery productivity. Selective logging ends with the clearcutting of mangrove woods in certain places. They cause erosion and accentuate sedimentation.
The seabed relief changes at the expense of the spawning destruction, the nursery, and the
feeding areas of aquatic fauna. On the other hand, the drop in the capture of fish products from
2012 is marked by the beginning of the use of more destructive fishing gear. Tree stumps bear
witness to the illegal exploitation of mangrove wood in the areas studied in the last decade.
Excessive fishing, the cutting of mangrove trees for the production of charcoal constitute the
most recent source of degradation in the bay of Bombetoka in the Rural Commune of
Bombetoka. In order to reinforce the effectiveness of the measures for applying the management
policy based on restriction and compliance with the law in force on the conservation of
biodiversity. Alternative solutions that are sources of income for the local population must
accompany this prohibition. Before restoration, there is an urgent need to stop illegal and
irrational exploitation. The ecosystem approach focuses on the sustainability of the free benefits
provided by the ecosystem and aims at continuity, improving the lives of the populatio
Volume
1
Date of publication
December 21, 2023
Institution (University)
Institut Halieutique et des Sciences Marines Toliara
Page numbers (pp)
197