typologies des systemes de pisciculture continentale de la cote est malagasy et amelioration de l’alimentation (cas de grossissement de Oreochromis niloticus)

Abstract

On the east coast of Madagascar, fish farming is an undeveloped activity among the agricultural system. It has not yet reached the viable economic dimension. Thus, a study on the typology of fish farming systems was carried out in this area, from february 2012 to april 2013 and a feeding trial was also conducted in the laboratory of PRADRA, in IH.SM. This study aims to (i) identify the profile of livestock systems with their constraints and (ii) find adequate food, locally available and accessible to farmers on the East coast of Madagascar.
For the typological study, a diagnosis of livestock systems was undertaken through cross-sectional surveys to understand the different profiles. As for the food, two feed formulas (F1 and F2) have been proposed and whose differences are the sources of protein and lipid. Fingerlings of O. niloticus (Wm: 28,2g ± 3.5) were used for this experiment. Each dietary treatment was replicated once during 154 days of rearing.
It follows, first, that the typological study identified several classes according to the variables that characterize them : the typology with link to the factors of production and activities system gives 4 classes and the typology that link with farming practices and production also shows 4 classes. And secondly that the growing test generates final main weight of 113,41 ± 13,13g (F1) and 106,11 ± 14,63g (F2). The statistical analyzes of the data show that dietary treatments do not generate significant difference (p = 0.66) between the growth performance.
Relatively to the assessment economic aspect, the food F2 allows a production level higher than F1. The F2 has a cost reduction rate of food which amounts to 51.44%