Optimisation de l’élevage de l’Oreochromis niloticus en étangs villageois avec implication des paysans applicateurs dans le village d’Ambondrolava, Région Sud- Ouest de Madagascar

Abstract

The marine resource in southwestern Madagascar is under an intense exploitation which lead to its
rarefaction and reduce therefore the income of the small-scale fishermen. Thus, there is an urgent
need of providing alternative livelihoods for them.
This research project aims to assess the feasibility of fish farming in Ambondrolava, a fishermen
village located in the Southwestern coast of Madagascar. Three types of experiments based on the
effect of fish density (1 and 2 individuals m-2), water change (once a month and once every two
months), and food quality provand made from fish meal or octopus by-products) were tested Each
experiment was conducted for 4 months’ time after which their effect on the growth, survival and
biomass of Tilapia were performed. The results showed that, during all experiments, very high
survival rates were observed (>94%). Towards the end of the experiment, the fish growth was
significantly higher (237 g ±3) within density of 1 ind m-2 (with than this farmed at 2 ind m-2 (170 g
±4). Regarding the water change, the final biomass of fish observed are, 142g ± 33,14 and 151g
±32,94 respectively for once a month and once every two months and no significant difference was
observed (p = 0,0001). On the other hand, the food quality affected the biomass and best growth rate
and biomass (149,5g ± 45,34) were observed within batch fed with provender made from octopus by
products (p= 0,0001).
The present study allowed to determine the suitable process for sustaining and implementing the
inland fish farming in the coastal village of southwestern Madagascar. Promoting such activities in
the coastal village will likely reduce intensive fishing in the coastal water, increase income for local
communities.
Key Words: tilapia, fish farming, Ambondrolava, Southwestern Madagascar.